Appreciation
An increase in value of assets

Assets
Things with monetary value that people own such as buildings, shares or money in the bank.

Balance
It is the difference between credits and debits in an account.

Bankruptcy
It refers to the state that an individual or company is unable to pay its debts and is therefore declared by law to have no control over its own assets.

Blue chips
Shares of large and reputable companies that are safe to invest and with a stable record of dividends

Bull market
A stock market where share prices are rising

Capital gain
The profit made in buying and selling of assets

Collateral
Property or asset that is used to get a loan

Contingency fund
A fund to cover unforeseen expenses

Default
Failure to repay the outstanding amount by the due date

Deflation
A decline in the general price level in the economy

Emerging markets
Markets of developing countries which are expected to grow quickly

Equity
The portion of assets of a publicly-listed company that is owned by its shareholders

Grace period
In loans or insurance contracts, it is the period within which late payment is accepted before leading to cancellation of the contract.

IPO
Abbreviation for initial public offering. It is the debut selling of a company's shares to the public.

Liabilities
Debts or loans a person or a company owes to other parties

Listing
A company uses this process to have its shares traded on the stock exchange market.

Maturity
It refers to the due date of the borrowed money, a time deposit, or a bond, etc.

Net worth
The total value of assets deducting liabilities

Par value
The face value of securities

Phishing
It refers to the action of someone using the Internet to fraudulently obtain people's account details in order to take money out of those accounts.

Red chips
The shares of companies incorporated and listed in Hong Kong and whose shareholders are Chinese entities

Rider
Add-ons to an insurance policy such as waiver of premiums, and automatic premium loan

Settlement
In a deal, it is the actual payment after the transaction is completed.

Surrender
It means to terminate an insurance policy before the maturity date.

Variable spending
It is the outflow of money on an irregular and unstable basis.

Volatility
The rate of price change of securities in the market within a certain period of time